glossary of religious terms

Angels are especially described as divine messengers. a form of religious instruction set out in a simple question-and answer format. Immaculate Conception: the Roman Catholic doctrine that the Virgin Mary was conceived without Original Sin (the sin of Adam and Eve conveyed to all human beings). Whether we care about it or not, we ought to be able to read and write about religion with some understanding of the terminology. do you have a source for the origin of the word pagan? In the United States there are 15 Eastern Church dioceses and two Eastern Church archdioceses. The chief diocese of an Eastern Catholic ecclesiastical province. The bread and wine become the Body and Blood of Christ. presbyteral council. The word is also used to describe a type of Christian belief that emphasizes the inerrancy of scripture and salvation through personal conversion. What do Muslims believe? If I know something, there is no faith involved. He or she may be the head of a province or of an individual house. Generally, it is more appropriate to refer to a Vatican dicastery by its more specific proper name: congregation, pontifical council, etc. Since the 4th century this observance has been held on December 25 in the Western church. For one thing, some of the terms are defined differently by different religious groups. A broad term in Catholic usage for any activity conducive to the salvation of souls. Advent is the Christian season of preparation for Christmas, the four weeks before Christmas in the Western churches; the first Sunday in Advent is the beginning of the Christian liturgical year. Agnosticism is not about the existence of God being unknowable I cannot think of a single Faith that claims you can *know* God exists. See alsocanon law. ordinary. Panentheism, Panentheist: (From the Greek pan-en-theos which means all-in-God) Like Pantheism, Panentheism includes the belief that God is in everything. A chaplain is a member of the clergy who serves in a prison, a hospital, a college, or some other institution outside the context of the normal congregational life of a religious community. John Smith, depending on your publication's style manual. asceticism: a mode of life that excludes physical pleasures and self-indulgence. A particular church; the ordinary territorial division of the church headed by a bishop. Catholicism taught that scripture was supplemented by the tradition of the Church, and that the Church was the authoritative interpreter of scripture. Episcopal is the adjective for bishop. For many Christians it is a day of fasting and a day on which the season ahead is symbolized by the imposition of ashes on ones forehead. Priests in religious orders or congregations never receive the title of monsignor. The glossary also contains . laity/lay. Seedioceseandarcheparchy. Amrit Vaila. When a priest is laicized without his consent, for a crime such as living in concubinage, committing child sexual abuse or using the confessional to solicit sex, it is sometimes calleddefrockingorunfrocking. Subscribers get access to our archives with 800+ interactive exercises! On Azusa Street in Los Angeles was the mission church of black Holiness preacher William J. Seymour where one of the most important streams of pentecostalism had its genesis in revivals that took place between 1905 and 1913. This is considered an auspicious time for meditation and prayer as stressed by Guru Nanak. That document was the first comprehensive code of church law governing all Eastern Catholic churches. iconography congregation. Glossary of religious and spiritual terms (Starting with "O") Compete with other teams in real-time to see who answers the most questions correctly! Use this to prep for your next quiz! eucharist jihad: a holy war on behalf of Islam. secular: worldly, not sacred. dicastery. In canon law, anyone not ordained a deacon, priest or bishop is a layperson. You'll also get three bonus ebooks completely free! This term sets my teeth on edge, especially when used as a shorthand definition as you have done. The change is called transubstantiation, and the doctrine of the literal presence of Jesus is called the Real Presence. schism 3 attributes expressions of a monotheistic entity. A diocesan bishop or his equivalent, his vicar general and episcopal vicar, or a major superior of a clerical religious order, congregation or society. a conscious, organized movement that attempts to revive or perpetuate selected aspects of an indigenous culture or to gain control of the direction and rate of culture change being forced on them. God's Spirit and the fleshare at odds. Agnostic comes from the same root as ignorant. cardinal. Now that there are four eucharistic prayers in general use, they are usually referred to as Eucharistic Prayer I, II, III or IV, but they may also be called canons. Bible. deacon, diaconate. NB - this concept, and the word itself, is anachronistic before about the middle of the seventeenth century. Jesus Christ. It is sugar water which is used during the Khalsa initiation ceremony. diaconal. catechism Thanks for this. the sacred writings of the Christian religions, the teaching of Buddha that life is permeated with suffering caused by desire, that suffering ceases when desire ceases, and that enlightenment obtained through right conduct and wisdom and meditation releases one from desire and suffering and rebirth, a monotheistic system of beliefs and practices based on the Old Testament and the teachings of Jesus as embodied in the New Testament and emphasizing the role of Jesus as savior, the teachings of Confucius emphasizing love for humanity, the monotheistic religious system of Muslims, the monotheistic religion of the Jews having its spiritual and ethical principles embodied chiefly in the Torah and in the Talmud, the sacred writings of Islam revealed by God to the prophet Muhammad during his life at Mecca and Medina, the beatitude that transcends the cycle of reincarnation, worshipping or believing in more than one god, the ancient indigenous religion of Japan lacking formal dogma; characterized by a veneration of nature spirits and of ancestors, the first of three divisions of the Hebrew Scriptures comprising the first five books of the Hebrew Bible considered as a unit, (from the Sanskrit word for `knowledge') any of the most ancient sacred writings of Hinduism written in early Sanskrit; traditionally believed to comprise the Samhitas, the Brahmanas, the Aranyakas, and the Upanishads. Which should be called a-unicornist, the one who disbelieves in unicorns, or the one who claims there are no unicorns? The term apostolic refers to the early Christian era, with traditions of ministry and authority derived from the apostles, the immediate disciples of Jesus. American publications vary in whether they use the abbreviation or the full word before the name in news reporting. Catholics believe that in the consecration the bread and wine truly become the body and blood of Christ. SeeHoly See,metropolitan,provinceandtitular see. After earning his Ph.D. from Boston University, King became minister of a Baptist church in Montgomery, Alabama, where he led the successful non-violent bus boycott, bringing about an end to the segregation of the citys transportation system. also, heathen is used by norse pagans to refer to their own beliefs today. Protestantism regarded it as the only source of authority (sola scriptura), and believed God would enable right-minded readers to interpret it the right way. People are killed or driven into hiding because someone somewhere has labeled their work blasphemy. School children with attitude get away with refusing to do their homework because they know that school officials are easily spooked by anything relating to religion. Christendom - In a cultural sense, it refers to the religion itself, or to the worldwide community of Christians, adherents of Christianity. eparchy. the sacred writings of the Christian religions. Diocesan bishops and their auxiliaries are responsible for the pastoral care of their dioceses. As for your question, atheism covers both those lacking a belief in god(s) and those who claim there is no god. Somehow it has dropped out of the post. The main purpose of this list is to define the concept in one or two lines, to make it easy for one to find and pin down specific concepts, and to . The primary official term of reference for the Diocese of Rome, as the chief diocese of Catholic Christendom; used to refer to the pope and the Roman Curiacongregations, tribunals, and various other officesin their role of authority over and service to the Catholic Church around the world. The chief archivist of a diocese's official records. This is the sort of information that Westerners would benefit from reading not definitions of mainstream Christian terms or jihad or pagan. (I am not opening up a debate on that subject). Delete the word symbolic. Glossary of Church Terms - The Roman Catholic Diocese of Savannah Menu LOGIN About Us Diocesan History Former Bishops of the Diocese Priest Necrology Glossary of Church Terms Our Bishops Bishop Stephen D. Parkes Biography Coat of Arms Sacramental History News Statements Official Portraits SDP Social Bishop Emeritus John Kevin Boland, D.D. Comment on Anglicanism. atheism: disbelief in any deity or supernatural power. Antichrist By canon law, he is also vicar general of the diocese. Most cardinals are archbishops; canon law since 1983 says they must at least be bishops, but exceptions have been made in several cases where a noted priest-theologian over the age of 80 has been named a cardinal to honor his theological contributions to the church. The Mass is divided into two main parts. The general term for all the church's official acts of worship. Another reorganization in 2001 resulted in the USCCB. obstinate persistence in false belief. Key Message Religious Groups In US Cultural Diversity Yiddish Religious Life Zionism Organizations Anglican: St Augustine of Canterbury, not the famous St Augustine of Hippo, 354-430, author of City of God. Protestants rejected purgatory as unscriptural. Is it an active verb? The Orthodox Churches, also called Eastern Orthodox, are a group of Churches that split from the Church in Rome around the 11th century. In the U.S., the Amish in Pennsylvania, Ohio, and other parts of the Midwest have maintained a strong sense of community and continue to insist on simplicity, rejecting the use of modern technology. NB - this concept, and the word itself, is anachronistic before about the middle of the seventeenth century. The Liturgy of the Word includes Scripture readings and a homily and ends with the general intercessions. suspension. (2) In your definition of eschatology you use the word mankind. Also a notary and secretary of the diocesan curia, or central administration; he or she may have a variety of other duties as well. As always, most appreciated. In Catholicism, the Eucharist is believed to be entirely literal, not symbolic. religious: [adjective] relating to or manifesting faithful devotion to an acknowledged ultimate reality or deity. Assign learning activities including Practice, Vocabulary Jams and Spelling Bees to your students, and monitor their progress in real-time. Glossary of Terms - ReGAIN, Religious Groups Awareness International A religious syllable or poem, typically from the Sanskrit language. The first three are also called thesacraments of Christian initiation, and in the Eastern Catholic and Orthodox traditions they are administered together in infancy. Religious Terms Glossary: from the Concise Lexicon of Christianity Concise Lexicon of Christianity Teachings, worship, rites, sermons, and terminology Religious Terms religion, human beings' relation to that which they regard as holy, sacred, absolute, spiritual, divine, or worthy of especial reverence. The U.S. conference is theUnited States Conference of Catholic Bishops, orUSCCB. Ametropolitan seeis an archdiocese that is the chief diocese of an ecclesiastical province. An apostolic nuncio, also called apapal nuncio, is always an archbishop, and it is his religious title that is capitalized as a title before his name, e.g.,Archbishop Carlo MariaVigan,apostolic nuncio to the United States,notApostolic Nuncio Carlo MariaVigan. Neither classical Paganism nor contemporary polytheism are earth-centered even if that term actually means anything. The word heathen is used pejoratively to mean a person without religion. John Smith orthe Rev. idolatry In Catholic practice done through confession to a priest (auricular confession) who confers absolution. Diocesan, orsecular,priestsare under the direction of their local bishop. metropolitan. Also sometimes referred to as aresidential bishop. Buddhism. For more information on covering the Catholic Church and the Mass, see: annulment. Apart from its obvious use to refer to a building where Christians gather to worship God,churchhas a rich theological and doctrinal meaning for Catholics that also sets limits on how it is applied. Protestant churches of Switzerland and southern Germany who drew their inspiration from the Swiss reformers rather than from Luther. Refers to a decision to live chastely in the unmarried state. Agnosticism is the position that the existence of god(s) is unknown or unknowable. PDF Religious Education: Glossary of Terms The Continuum Glossary of Religious Terms provides a comprehensive glossary of terms from seven major religions, Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism and Sikhismthe main faiths that are studied both in school and at university in the English speaking world.. lay: not in holy orders. Seeauxiliary bishopandcoadjutor. A priest in charge of a Catholic parish or congregation. The personnel and offices assisting the bishop in directing the pastoral activity, administration and exercise of judicial power of a diocese. predestination In a monastery there are monks who pray and do intellectual work, and those who do manual work and attend to secular affairs. Greek ekklesiastikos referred to the ancient Athenian political assembly. Like ecclesiastic, the English word bishop derives from a Greek word, episkopos, watcher, overseer. Religious Terms Glossary: from the Concise Lexicon of Christianity Adj. (NB monks were supposed to live a contemplative life, withdrawn from the world, while friars took a more active role in preaching and hearing confessions and were supposed to live by begging. Seecelibacy. It means not known. Agnostics take a faithless (safer) position, whereas believers in God and Atheists alike have taken a position of commitment based on their beliefs which are evidential, experiential and circumstantial. grace ?the one who just disbelieves in God, or the one who claims there is no god??? collegiality. Christian churches which share partially in the historic apostolic communities of Christian discipleship, but which in the Catholic Church's perspective do not have the fullness of apostolic succession in their bishops or ordained ministry, are calledecclesial communions, rather than churches. Olim: Plural form of "Oleh." -. The Rev. The head of an archeparchy is called anarcheparch, but in most contexts he can be called anarchbishop. By church law cardinals are regarded as the pope's closest advisors, and when a pope dies those who are not yet 80 years old meet in a conclave in Rome to elect a new pope. Anglicanism Terms are capitalized only if they are always capitalized. Such a council's role is consultative and always subject to the final authority of the pastor or bishop. Reformed, the Anglo-Saxon for that matter are two German tribes. The religions have been chosen to reflect the main faiths that are studied both in school and at university in the English speaking world. The Catholic Church recognised seven sacraments: baptism [v], confirmation, eucharist [qv], penance [qv], holy orders, marriage, anointing of the sick (extreme unction); Protestantism usually only two: baptism and the eucharist (though sometimes penance as well). Whether a woman religious is a nun or sister in a strict canonical sense, in news reporting it is appropriate to use the termSisteras the religious title before her name. In English the standard abbreviation as a title before the name isMsgr. Eastern Catholic Churches. Before then (and for long after) the great majority of the members of the Church of England thought of themselves as Protestants. It is sometimes used as a penalty for a serious crime or scandal, but more often it comes at the request of the priest. archdiocese. real presence mass, the Thelocalorparticular churchmeans the (arch)diocese, the community of faithful gathered around the altar under its bishop. Other purposes have included religious ceremonies to accumulate wealth, avoid danger, or eliminate enemies. to another comment: hinduism isnt exactly polytheistic, and cant be defined as a single religion. An honorary ecclesiastical title granted by the pope to some diocesan priests. Both the Catholic and Protestant churches recognised the concept, though the Catholics had more developed mechanisms (Inquisition, Index of forbidden books) for punishing it. Glossary of Christianity - Wikipedia finance council. Calvary is the hill on the outskirts of ancient Jerusalem on which Jesus was crucified. Ecclesialis reserved to those who are in church-recognized leadership positions, generally certified to represent the church in their area of expertise after appropriate human, spiritual, intellectual and pastoral formation. The information contained here has been gathered from a variety of . It is occasionally used as a synonym for " interfaith ." Unfortunately, the term "faith" is defined differently by various religious groups. It is also given to certain other high-ranking church officials, notably Vatican ambassadors (apostolic nuncios: see that entry), the secretaries of Vatican congregations and the presidents of pontifical councils. Now it can be administered to anyone who is seriously or chronically ill. see. Catholics, and most Protestants insisted on baptism of infants, and condemned Anabaptists who held there was no authority for this in scripture and practised adult baptism. the leading enemy of Christ and his teaching, referred to in various biblical passages, and widely expected to appear on earth before the end of the world. It is governed by an archbishop. Template:Dictdef The following is a glossary of terms and concepts in Hinduism. Seearcheparchy. In a 2005 document,Co-Workers in the Vineyard of the Lord, the U.S. bishops encouraged the growth of lay ecclesial ministry and set out general guidelines for the formation and the recognition or certification of such ministers. The distinction was sometimes blurred in practice. members of the Church who do not belong to the clergy. Glossary of Church Terms - The Roman Catholic Diocese of Savannah the sacrament by which Christians express sorrow for sin, and receive God's forgiveness. (1) Why did you take the time to define the other religions, then not define Islam, in fact the only Muslim word you have on there is jihad, which actually is understood by the majority of muslims as Struggle, mostly an internal struggle to adhere to the ways of Islam. The teaching affirms the central role and responsibility of the church to reach out to all people with the Gospel message while acknowledging that those who have not been apprised or convinced of that message may still be saved if they live upright lives in accord with their own convictions and understanding of God. These days religion is front page news. In this legal sense women religious (sisters) and unordained men religious (brothers) are laity. The national membership organization of the Catholic bishops of the United States, through which they act collegially on pastoral, liturgical and public policy matters affecting the Catholic Church in the United States. Calvinism is the tradition of Christian faith and practice developed by the 16th century reformer John Calvin (1509-64) who emphasized the sole authority of scripture, the omnipotence and sovereignty of God, human sinfulness, and salvation by faith alone. The other chief religious titles for clerics areMsgr.,Bishop,Archbishop,Cardinal,Popeand, for the head of a male monastic community,Abbot. the process by which people are restored to God's favour, having lost it through sin. The glossary is a revision of Religious Studies - A Glossary of Terms. Modern paganism is earth-centered and can include polytheistic beliefs. liturgy. Also, you defined orthodox with a lower-case o accurately, but omitted the very different of Orthodox with a capital O. Angels are common to Zoroastrianism, Judaism, Christianity and Islam. a predominant belief among followers of sanatan dharma is that there is one all-pervasive and unknowable god, and that the devas are merely manifestations of this being that help mortals cope with divine knowledge. Their liturgy and mysticism is more similar to Catholicism than to any other Christian denomination, but has some important distinctions. The Schleitheim Confession (1527) also rejects military service, violence, and the swearing of oaths by conscientious Christians. In the documents of the Second Vatican Council, however, the laity are those who are neither ordained nor members of a religious order. orMgr. @Andy, Islamic terms would grant a post on their own, and that is why we have not mixed them here (except for the mainstream jihad). Ill put it here and probably insert it where Id intended for it to appear: @bad tim, A specific community of the Christian faithful within a diocese, having its own church building, under the authority of a pastor who is responsible for providing ministerial service. excommunication. Angels are especially described as divine messengers. The ancient teaching that outside the church there is no salvation (extra ecclesiam nullasalus) has been officially nuanced in church teaching to include many who do not explicitly embrace the church and all its teachings, or even many who join no Christian religion. beliefs associated with the Dutch theologian, Jacobus Arminius (1560-1609), who came to deny predestination - a kind of Calvinist 'heresy'. The early Christian church was fragmented into various sects, many of which taught a Gnostic version of the new religion. Relig-ish: Soulful Living in a Spiritual-But-Not-Religious World Paatal: Also termed as nether world, it is the underground world and is one of the three lokas. Many titular sees are ancient cities of the Middle East or Northern Africa. TheCode of Canon Lawspells out certain limited obligations and authority that the metropolitan archbishop has with respect to the dioceses within his province. With the publication of the model syllabuses for religious education, and the work involving the faithcommunities in Britain, it was felt to be an appropriate time for revision. Strictly, the title applies to women religious of those institutes, mostly formed during or since the 19th century, whose members do not profess solemn vows. In the Christian tradition, church refers to the organic, interdependent body of Christs followers, the community of Christians. Each is considered fully equal to the Latin tradition within the church. Every field has specialized terms, and the field of religious freedom is no different. laity/laypeople sacraments. The word did have different meanings and there are different theories as to why Christians called the nonbelievers by that word. The process by which a priest is returned to the lay state. Hindu Glossary of Religious Terms - The Buddha Garden vespers. Also known as thepriests' council, this is the principal consultative body mandated by theCode of Canon Lawto advise the diocesan bishop in matters of pastoral governance. archbishop. A laicized priest is barred from all priestly ministry with one exception: He may give absolution to someone in immediate danger of death. presbyterate. most commonly used to signify Christians recognising spiritual authority of the pope. The term church has been adopted by other American groups such as the Buddhist Churches of Americato indicate this form of community fellowship. Making educational experiences better for everyone. The Catholic Churches with origins in Eastern Europe, Asia and Africa that have their own distinctive liturgical, legal and organizational systems and are identified by the national or ethnic character of their region of origin. Glossary of Sikh Religious Terms - Gateway to Sikhism It includes a belief in reincarnation and transmigration of souls. The chancel is the part of church, often elevated by a few steps, where the altar and pulpit are located. While the accidents (shape, colour, taste etc) remain, the substance is transformed. (1) A grouping of an archdiocese, called themetropolitan see, and the dioceses under it, calledsuffragan sees. See also Terminology Differences by Sandra Tanner. iconographical). animism: the belief that every material form of reality (plants, animals, stones, thunderstorms, earthquakes) have an indwelling spirit; often includes belief in the continued existence of individual disembodied human spirits capable of helping or harming the living. The synonym is universal, or Universal, as one might prefer. This useful and informative work should help anyone studying religion up to graduate level, but it is also a . Hoping to avoid acrimony, I included disclaimer at the top of the list of terms. arguments used to justify something, typically a religious doctrine. auxiliary bishop. Baptism is the Christian sacrament of initiation in which new birth into the Christian community is conferred by sprinkling of or immersion in water. It refers to the number of years since the birth of Yeshua of Nazareth, a.k.a. (Lutherans and Zwinglians disagreed over this). There was a brief period, from 1984 to 1991, when the Vatican ambassador to the United States was called thepro-nunciobecause he was not the dean of the world's ambassadors to the United States (a position that under a Vienna convention is automatically given to the Vatican ambassador in many countries but in other countries is given to the senior foreign ambassador, wherever he is from). the bible. With the publication of the model syllabuses for religious education, and the work involving the faith communities in Britain, it was felt to be an appropriate time for revision. For permutations of meaning, see the OED or some other authoritative dictionary. Copyright 2023 The President and Fellows of Harvard College, Native American Traditions Glossary Terms. Glossary of Hinduism terms | Religion Wiki | Fandom ), religious, the canon law. If a bishop does not have his own diocese, he is given atitular see: that is, a place that once was the seat of a diocese but no longer is. It refers to someone withordinaryauthority in church law over a group of clergy, over certain pastoral concerns in a specific geographical area or over the members of a religious order. chastity. It can include ordained ministry such as liturgical leadership and administration of the sacraments, or lay ministry such as instructing children in the faith, serving the poor, visiting the sick, or being an altar server, reader or music leader at Mass. Religious Definition & Meaning | Dictionary.com Seearcheparchyandeparchy. If a church official uses the term in this more restricted former use, it is wise to question him or her on what he or she means by the term. The word comes from a Greek word meaning grateful.. In this glossary, you will find definitions of common religious freedom and First Amendment terms and phrases, as compiled by our experts, for your greater understanding. Church crimes are spelled out in theCode of Canon Lawfor the Latin rite and in theCode of Canons of the Eastern Churchesfor Eastern Catholic churches.

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